1. Numbering rules and main performance parameters

 

1. Numbering rules

 

In the transmission number "HW13710C", "HW" is the brand of the transmission, "13" is 1% of the transmission torque (1/10 when less than 3 digits), and "7" is the serial number of the transmission (heavy transmission series) , "10" is the number of forward gears of the transmission, and "C" represents an overdrive.

 

2. Main performance parameters The main performance parameters of HW13710 type transmission are shown in 1.

 

2. Structural characteristics of transmission

 

HW13710 type transmission is composed of two-stage structure of main box and auxiliary box, as shown in 1. The main box has 5 forward gears, and the auxiliary box has 2 high and low gears. The main and auxiliary boxes together form a transmission with 10 forward gears and 2 reverse gears. The structure of each part is described below.

 

1. Main box and auxiliary box

 

The main box and auxiliary box of HW13710 type transmission adopt double intermediate shaft structure, and the two intermediate shafts are 180° apart. After the power is input by the input shaft, it is split to two intermediate shafts, and then merged to the main shaft, and then split to the two intermediate shafts of the auxiliary box, and then merged to the output shaft of the auxiliary box for output.

 

In theory, each countershaft only transmits 1/2 of the torque, so the use of dual countershafts can reduce the center distance and gear thickness of the transmission, thereby shortening the axial length of the entire transmission and reducing the quality of the transmission.

 

Because the gears on the main shaft are floating on the main shaft, the traditional needle roller bearings are eliminated, making the structure of the main shaft assembly simpler. When the transmission is working, the radial force exerted by the two intermediate shaft gears on the main shaft gear is equal and opposite, that is, the main shaft only bears torque, not bending moment, thereby improving the stress condition of the main shaft and the bearing, and greatly improving the transmission The reliability and longevity of use.

 

2. "Tooth alignment" and procedures

 

In order to correctly mesh the double countershaft gear with the main shaft gear, it is necessary to perform "toothing". The so-called "counter-tooth" is to insert the marked gear teeth on the two countershaft transmission gears into the grooves of the two sets of gear teeth marked on the input shaft gear when assembling the transmission, as shown.

 

The procedure for “tooth” is as follows: ① Mark any two adjacent teeth of the main box input shaft gear first, and then mark the two adjacent teeth on the other side of the symmetrical side (the number of teeth between the two marks) Should be equal); ②Mark the tooth on each intermediate shaft transmission gear that is directly opposite to the gear keyway for easy identification; ③When assembling, make the marked teeth on the two intermediate shaft transmission gears mesh into the main box respectively Among the 2 teeth marked on the left and right sides of the input shaft gear.

 

3. Shift mechanism

 

There is no synchronizer in the main box of the HW13710 transmission, and the gear shift is carried out by sliding gear sleeves. The main box output shaft sliding sleeve is sleeved on the main box output shaft through involute splines, and the sliding sleeve is moved to make the engaging teeth (external splines) of the sliding sleeve mesh with the internal splines of the gears of the main shaft to transmit power. The engagement tooth ends of the sliding sleeve and the gears of the main shaft have the same taper angle (α=35°). Because the gears of the output shaft of the main box are in a floating state, the two taper surfaces can play a certain role when shifting gears. Automatic centering and synchronization function, as shown in 3.

 

4. Manipulating mechanism

 

HW13710 type transmission is a long-distance control type, adopting double lever double H control. The main box is manually operated, and the auxiliary box is operated by air. The gear position of the shift mechanism and the position of the shift handle are shown in 4 and 5.

 

When the pre-selection valve switch of the shift handle is in the "L" position, gears 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and R1 can be engaged; when the pre-selection valve switch of the shift handle is in the "H" position, it can be engaged 6, 7, 8 , 9, 10, R2 gears.

 

5. Pneumatic control system

 

The air source of the air control system is 2 lines of compressed air from the entire vehicle with 0.7 to 0.8 MPa. The gas circuit diagram of the control mechanism is shown in the figure. When the shift lever switch valve is in the "L" position, the compressed air from the whole vehicle air source passes through the "S" port of the shift lever to the "P" port, and then enters the "4" port of the lock valve cylinder; at the same time, another The compressed air of the whole vehicle air source enters the double H valve from port "1", and enters the lower port of the transmission range cylinder through port "2" of the double H valve, and the auxiliary tank is switched to low gear (the cylinder is in a normally vented state). When the shift lever switch valve is at "H"

 

When it is in position, there is no compressed air from port “4” of the lock valve cylinder. Compressed air enters the double H valve from port “1” and enters the upper port of the transmission range cylinder through port “3” of the double H valve, and the auxiliary tank is switched It is high-end (the cylinder is normally ventilated). Note: The high and low shifting of the shift lever only works when in neutral.

 

6. Power take-off mechanism

 

The HW13710 type transmission takes power after the extended intermediate shaft of the auxiliary box is realized. In order to achieve parking power, the transmission auxiliary case must be hung in the neutral position, but since the auxiliary case is pneumatically operated, there is no neutral position. To solve this problem, the auxiliary case range gear cylinder head needs to be removed and a neutral position is installed. Position the cylinder, as shown in 7.

 

When parking power, put the transmission control lever in the neutral position of the low range first, press the power take-off switch and the neutral switch, and then move the transmission control lever to the required gear in the low range. Working status. When taking power while driving, first put the transmission control lever in the neutral position of the low range, press the power take-off switch, and then move the transmission control lever to the required gear in the low range, and the power take-off is in working state.

 

Three, common fault judgment and elimination

 

The judgment and elimination of common faults of HW13710 type transmission are shown in 2.

 

Four, use, maintenance and precautions

 

1. Operation and maintenance The transmission should be operated and used correctly and reasonably, and regular maintenance should be carried out. This is very important to ensure the safe and reliable driving of the car and extend the life of the transmission.

 

①Lubricant: The transmission must be filled with 85W/90GL-4 or 85W/90GL-5 grade vehicle gear oil. In order to prevent the chemical reaction of different types of lubricating oil, when replenishing the lubricating oil, make sure that it is the same as the original lubricating oil.

 

②Oil injection volume: The oil injection volume is about 16L. Make sure that the oil level is flush with the oil injection port, which can be checked at the oil injection port on the side of the casing, and the oil is added until the orifice starts to spill.

 

③Oil level: Check the oil level regularly. Park the car on a level road during the inspection. Since the volume of hot oil will expand, it cannot be checked immediately after the vehicle is running. It should be performed after the oil level is stable and the oil is cooled. .

 

④Oil change cycle: the new transmission must be replaced when driving 2000-5000km. After that, the oil level and leakage should be checked every 5000km, and supplements should be made at any time.

 

For on-road vehicles with good driving conditions, it is recommended to change the lubricating oil every 50,000km; for off-road vehicles with poor driving conditions, it is recommended to replace the lubricating oil every 20,000km. When replacing the lubricating oil, the original lubricating oil in the transmission should be drained first, and the filter assembly should be cleaned.

 

⑤Working temperature: The maximum temperature of the transmission during continuous operation shall not exceed 120℃, and the minimum temperature shall not be lower than -40℃. If the working temperature exceeds 120°C, it will decompose the lubricating oil and shorten the service life of the transmission.

 

⑥Working tilt angle (the mounting angle of the transmission on the chassis + the slope angle): When the transmission is working, if the tilt angle exceeds 12°, it may cause insufficient lubrication.

 

⑦Towing or sliding: When the transmission is working, the shafts and gears of the transmission keep rotating, which can provide sufficient lubrication for the transmission. However, when the vehicle is towed when the rear wheels are on the ground and the drive train is connected, the intermediate shaft gear and main shaft gear in the main box do not rotate, which will cause serious damage to the transmission due to lack of lubrication. In order to prevent this kind of phenomenon, it is strictly forbidden to step on the clutch pedal to make the vehicle slide in neutral; when the vehicle needs to tow, the half shaft can be pulled out or the drive shaft can be disengaged, or the drive wheel can be towed off the ground.

 

2. Matters needing attention

 

①When shifting gears, the clutch must be completely disconnected, and the gear shift lever should be in place.

 

②When the vehicle is in low gear (crawler gear) or reverse gear, the vehicle should be parked before gearing to avoid damage to the internal parts of the transmission. When reverse gear is engaged, a greater force must be used to overcome the resistance of the reverse gear lock.

 

③When the transmission shifts from the low range to the high range (or vice versa), do not skip gears, otherwise it will affect the service life of the auxiliary case synchronizer.

 

④ When the vehicle is going downhill, it is prohibited to change the high and low gear zones.

 

⑤According to the road conditions, start with gear 1 or gear 2.

 

⑥The brake should be released before the vehicle starts.

 

For vehicles with air-cut brakes, after the brake valve is turned on, the air pressure must rise to the pressure required to release the brakes before starting in gear.

 

⑦ If the transmission is found to have abnormal noises or obvious heavy operation during use, stop and check immediately, and continue driving after troubleshooting.

 

⑧ If the gear cannot be engaged when changing gears, check the range gear cylinder and its gas path to ensure that the auxiliary box enters the gear position.